710 - Waterproofing and Protective Covers

710 Waterproofing and Protective Covers

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

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MATERIALS

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EQUIPMENT

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PRECONSTRUCTION

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CONSTRUCTION

Joint Waterproofing

Joint waterproofing is a preformed material placed at locations where a concrete joint is located below grade thus creating the potential for leaking or seepage due to infiltration through the soils. An example of a common joint that requires joint waterproofing is the joint between the abutment bridge seat and backwall.

Per specifications the membrane must be a minimum 18 inches wide. The membrane must be centered over the joint so that it extends a minimum of 9 inches on either side of the joint.

The membrane typically requires a prime coat for adhesion per manufacturer’s recommendations.

The integrity of the membrane and its waterproofing capabilities relies upon the bond between the membrane adhesive and the concrete. The membrane is to be applied within 4 hours of removing the form work at the location requiring the waterproofing. The air and concrete temperatures must be greater than 40 degrees prior to beginning surface preparation. The 4 hour requirement may be adjusted accordingly to meet the temperature limitations. The surface of the concrete must be dry, clean and free from sharp edges or intrusions. Ensure the contractor fills any surface with an MDOT approved epoxy mortar, or concrete. These patches must be cured for 24 hours prior to placement of the membrane. Abrasive blasting with compressed, oil-free air is required to remove all contaminates and prepare the surface for the membrane. The surface is to be prepared and primed 12 inches either side of the joint to accommodate the full membrane adhesion width.

Prior to backfilling, the engineer may require the contractor to demonstrate the membrane is adhered to the concrete and free from wrinkles and tears. Any tears in the membrane may be patched with additional membrane material overlapping 6 inches either side of the area to be patched.

Cover the joint with backfill as soon as practical to avoid sagging in the membrane.

Expansion Joint Waterproofing

Expansion joint waterproofing is used at locations indicated in the plans as expansion joints in the substructure, or at integral and semi-integral backwall abutment locations. Expansion joint waterproofing is applied in similar fashion to the Joint Waterproofing described above except that a bond breaker and two layers of membrane will be used.

The beveled surfaces at the expansion joint location will not receive the prime coat and will instead receive a bond breaker (bond breaker tape or equivalent material) to the face of each beveled surface next to the expansion joint to prevent adhesion of the membrane at this location. This allows for rotation, expansion and contraction of the substructure at this location without tearing the membrane. Place the bond breaker at the beveled surfaces, then prime the surface 12 inches either side of the joint. Place the membrane per the section on Joint Waterproofing described above ensuring the membrane follows the contour of the beveled surfaces. This “slack” in the membrane allows for the required expansion. A second layer of membrane must then be placed over the first layer. Prime the first layer per manufacturer’s recommendations. A bond breaker is not needed for the second coat. Apply the second layer of membrane and backfill after adhesion amongst the layers and concrete has been demonstrated.

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INSPECTION & TESTING

This section shall relay information related to the inspection and testing procedures used by inspectors to insure the work is completed per specifications.

Inspection Procedures

Note any specific inspection procedures required in this sub-section. Note any inspector certifications or specific training required. Explain any sequential or related processes that require inspector approval before proceeding further with the work.

Special Attention Areas

This subsection should note any areas of the work that the inspector should pay more attention to for any reason. Such as consequences to quality of later work or quality issues. For example if pipe installation was improperly performed, FHWA will not participate in the funding of any work in the layers above the pipe (Earth exc, pavement, agg base, etc)

QA/QC Tests

Discuss the required QA and QC testing procedures for the work here. Cite relevant AASHTO testing specifications and other relevant information.

Lab Testing / Field Testing

This area should detail any Laboratory Testing required as well as any Field Testing of the work. This section should discuss the sampling and testing procedures described in the Material Quality Assurance Procedures Manual. Quality Control QC and Quality Assurance QA shall be required of the project. This will include Independent Assurances Testing IAT of material testers to verify competency. It will validate calibration and test worthiness of equipment. Where applicable it will incorporate project material certification. The MDOT material staff shall maintain sampling and test records. Verification test procedures will be done to show that required testing is done per contract requirements.

Rejection/Remedial Actions

This sub-section should detail any potential issues or circumstances related to rejection or remediation of the work.

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MEASUREMENT, DOCMENTATION & PAYMENT

Measurement

The method of measurement will include the means, manner, and procedure that will be the way in which pay items and items that are included in the price of a pay item are quantified. Pay Items and items included in the pay items of work will be systematically accounted for in the accomplishing of the work within the construction of the project. The measurement will be a systematic approach as to how we quantify items used the construction of MDOT projects. Construction forces will quantify units in length, area, volume, and weight (mass), as well as time and temperature for testing purposes.

Documentation Requirements

Discuss any required documentation for the work, including when such documentation should be collected/provided by the contractor along with any specific criteria (Buy America). The documentation section of the file should contain all of the supporting information that confirms that MDOT has met its Federal requirements for compliance with the FHWA. This sub-section should include a listing of any pertinent MDOT Form numbers for documentation of the work.

• Minimum Documentation Guide

Note any minimum documentation guide content here

• Certifications

Note any required certifications

• Example Documentation

Provide an example of the documentation for the work in question.

Basis of Payment

The method of payment will include the means and manner and procedure that will be the way in which pay items and items that are included in the price of a pay items are systematically accounted for in the accomplishing of the work within the construction of the project. The payments should be tied to the Inspectors Daily Repot IDR. Payment to be disbursed daily, weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, or by percent completion, or by some other pre-established arrangement interval. FHWA considers payment to be acceptance, so in order to be paid, the work must meet all requirements in full.

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LOCAL AGENCY PROJECTS

Local Agencies are required to perform material quality assurance per MDOT procedures if the project is located on the National Highway System (NHS). For non-NHS routes, which constitute most Local Agency Projects, the local agency has the option to utilize unique special provisions and may deviate from MDOT MQAP procedures, provided an industry acceptable alternative is proposed and approved by MDOT and FHWA.

This Local Agency Projects section shall be used in the Construction Manual for any sections in which there are deviations from the standard MDOT construction engineering processes or procedures. When this section is used the ‘Local Agency Project" category should be added to the page and cross-referenced to the index located in the Local Agency index.

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RAIL PROJECTS

If there are any special considerations for the work when used on a rail project or near a railroad this section should be used to relay that information.

If the Rail Project section is used on a page, the "" category should be added to the page for indexing.

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GENERAL

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Expansion Joint Waterproofing – Preformed

Expansion joint waterproofing is used at locations indicated in the plans as expansion joints in the substructure, or at integral and semi-integral backwall abutment locations. Expansion joint waterproofing in applied in similar fashion to the joint waterproofing described in Joint Waterproofing - Preformed in the Construction Manual except that a bond breaker and two layers of membrane will be used.

The beveled surfaces at the expansion joint location will not receive the prime coat and will instead receive a bond breaker to prevent adhesion of the membrane at this location. This allows for rotation, expansion and contraction of the substructure at this location without tearing the membrane. Place the bond breaker at the beveled surfaces, then prime the surface 12 inches either side of the joint. Place the membrane per the section on Joint Waterproofing - Preformed in the Construction Manual ensuring the membrane follows the contour of the beveled surfaces. This “slack” in the membrane allows for the required expansion. A second layer of membrane must then be placed over the first layer. Prime the first layer per manufacturer’s recommendations. A bond breaker is not needed for the second coat. Apply the second layer of membrane and backfill after adhesion amongst the layers and concrete has been demonstrated.

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Deck Waterproofing with HMA Overlay

Bridge deck waterproofing with HMA overlay is applied per subsection 710.03.C of the Standard Specifications for Construction. HMA overlays are susceptible to water permeation, and the waterproofing membrane is critical is preserving the concrete deck below the HMA overlay. In this regard care should be taken to adhere to specifications when placing the waterproofing membrane to ensure the membrane is applied correctly and not damaged during placement of the HMA.

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Shotcrete

Shotcreting is a method of applying latex modified concrete to patch locations by means of pneumatically ejected concrete material mixed with the latex at the nozzle. Shotcrete is typically used for substructure repairs where forming and/or concrete placement by conventional means is difficult.

Shotcrete equipment and materials can be difficult to calibrate and apply to the substrate. In this regard shotcreting is very dependent upon the skill of the operator or “nozzleman”. Test panels are required to demonstrate to the engineer the ability of the nozzleman to provide a satisfactory patch. The test panel should replicate the field placement in terms of thickness and steel reinforcing pattern, but be at least 3 inches thick. After test panel placement, the concrete must be kept continuously wet and above 40 degrees for at least 5 days. Five cores must then be taken from the panel and tested in accordance with subsection 710.03.D.1 of the Standard Specifications for Construction.

A. Prior to shotcrete placement for concrete patches all loose material must be removed from the patch. Edges surrounding the patch must be saw cut ½ inch. Care should be taken not to damage sound surrounding concrete during removal operations. After concrete removal, the areas to be patch must be blast cleaned with a compressed, oil-free air to remove all contaminates.

B. Ensure the contractor uses galvanized or epoxy coated reinforcement wire for all patches greater than 2 inches deep. The reinforcement should be placed at mid depth of the repair, or at least 1 inch from the face of the repair. Ensure the contractor uses stainless steel anchors spaced no more than 18 inches on center in each direction.

C. Immediately prior to shotcrete placement the patch must be wetted with the liquid latex component to be used during the shotcrete operation. Place shotcrete in several passes until the required thickness is met. Large areas may be broken down into smaller sections for placement; however, the final thickness must be achieved prior to moving to the next section. Laminations in the shotcrete should be avoided. The nozzleman must keep the nozzle 2 to 6 feet away from the surface and as near as perpendicular to the surface as possible. Do not apply shotcrete if high winds prevent proper application, the surface temperature of the concrete is less than 45 degrees, or during rain causing washouts or sloughing of the fresh concrete. Place shotcrete in accordance with section 710.03.D.3 of the Standard Specifications for Construction.

D. Cure shotcrete in accordance with subsection 706.03.N.3 of the Standard Specifications of Construction.

E. The engineer may require cutting cores from the completed work for compression testing. If tests are order, three samples should be taken and tested in accordance with subsection 710.03.D.1 of the Standard Specifications for Construction.

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MATERIALS

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CONSTRUCTION

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MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

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